IF, AND, OR: Logical Functions Explained Simply in Google Sheets

Logical functions like IF, AND, and OR allow you to create more dynamic and complex formulas in Google Sheets. By using these functions, you can make conditional decisions, perform checks, and tailor your calculations.

🔄 1. The IF Function: Making Conditional Decisions

The IF function is used to make conditional decisions. It returns one value if the condition is true and another value if the condition is false. Here’s the syntax:

=IF(condition, value_if_true, value_if_false)

For example, if you want to check if a student passed or failed based on their score, use:

=IF(A1>=50, "Pass", "Fail")

This checks if the score in cell A1 is greater than or equal to 50. If true, it returns "Pass"; otherwise, it returns "Fail".

🔗 2. The AND Function: Combining Multiple Conditions

The AND function is used to test multiple conditions at once. It returns TRUE only if all conditions are true, otherwise, it returns FALSE. Here’s the syntax:

=AND(condition1, condition2, ...)

For example, if you want to check if a number is both greater than 10 and less than 100, use:

=AND(A1>10, A1<100)

This will return TRUE if the value in cell A1 is between 10 and 100; otherwise, it returns FALSE.

🔘 3. The OR Function: One Condition True is Enough

The OR function is similar to the AND function, but it returns TRUE if any of the conditions are true. Here’s the syntax:

=OR(condition1, condition2, ...)

For example, if you want to check if a number is either greater than 50 or less than 10, use:

=OR(A1>50, A1<10)

This will return TRUE if the value in cell A1 is either greater than 50 or less than 10. If neither condition is true, it returns FALSE.

💡 Combining IF, AND, and OR

You can combine these functions to create more advanced formulas. For example, let's combine IF, AND, and OR to check multiple conditions:

=IF(AND(A1>=50, OR(A2="Yes", A2="Maybe")), "Eligible", "Not Eligible")

This checks if the value in A1 is greater than or equal to 50, and if A2 is either "Yes" or "Maybe". If both conditions are met, the result is "Eligible"; otherwise, it returns "Not Eligible".

📥 Downloadable PDF

• IF, AND, OR Functions Guide (PDF)

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Tags: IF function, AND function, OR function, logical functions, Google Sheets tutorial, conditional logic Google Sheets